Business Process Management Architectures - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Examine about the Business Process Management Enterprise Architectures. Answer: Presentation Business process engineering incorporates a plan for the association that help dissect the key destinations as against the requests that are put across(Weske, 2012). Business engineering empowers improvement of an extension in the undertaking model as against the different functionalities to incorporate the enhanced scope of angles that is obliged by the association objectives. Consequently, this structure consolidates operational, inspirational just as systematic systems that can help broaden a serious structure. The extent of the current business report is for a medium measured business situated in Brisbane in Queensland that has around between 20 to 200 workers. There are 7 formal useful divisions inside the association. The business gives diversion bundles to customers and furthermore discounts them in the event that they are not happy with their services(Jeston, 2014). Despite the fact that the business was working great yet late patterns delineates a descending pattern that may be because of worldwide money related emergency. The business design gave will permit the business to come outside the domain of this test confronted and conquer the circumstance. The report features the significance of business process design to this customer by recognizing potential procedure arrangements. The execution parts of such business forms in upgrading adequacy of the customer association and certain proposals are included in the discussion(Ko, 2009). The recreational business of the firm had been working in a decent way encountering development anyway ongoing patterns have been delineates different difficulties of the business. The association has a few offices comprising of tasks, HR, obtainment, deals, bookkeeping, advertising, examination and development(Choi, 2008). All these different offices is going by the CEO of the association, who has more than 10 years of experience inside the business. Despite the fact that there are isolated offices and portion of errands and duties there is a slack in information and experience of every one of departmental chiefs. Every single departmental heads don't have sufficient aptitudes and duties that can coordinate adequacy to the current structure present. There is a daydream of jobs and duties among administrators and slack in initiative characteristics that have hampered the business and made preoccupations meet its assigned goals(Becker, 2013). The association is at present encountering tremendous serious dangers and weights because of slack in polished methodology and authority characteristics. It is confronting colossal dangers from handling issues relating to conveyance for every divisions to meet assigned objectives. In this way, the proposed arrangement is planned for recommending a fitting business process engineering structure. Business Process Architecture and its viability Globalization alongside innovative appearance has prompted complex structure and broadened clients just as worker bases(Caetano, 2009). The difficulties looked by current business are increasingly mind boggling in nature thus requires more prominent capacities that expect association to embrace a coordinated methodology towards their organizations and clients. Subsequently, the pertinence and significance of Business Architecture. Business engineering presents a perspective on the association with the end goal that all parts of the business can be introduced in a coordinated way. A business procedure design includes an outline for the association to such an extent that key activities can be adjusted to satisfy its needs and goals(Muller, 2008). The extent of the current association includes giving recreation based administrations to its expanded client base, which are its objectives. Hence, its vision is to fulfill customer by giving fitting bundles at satisfactory value levels that permits to perform different functionalities. So as to take into account different functionalities of the business every offices needs to work in a planned way and adjust their procedures likewise. Business process engineering takes into account catching business techniques inside its abilities with the end goal that every single branch of the business can perform different functions(Smart, 2009). Every single such methodology are adjusted to esteem streams with the end goal that information is partaken in a semantic way from clients, provider, requests and criticism also. Inside the authoritative view different jobs, creation and specialty units alongside capacities are caught in a way to such an extent that interior and outer units can be appropriately taken care of. In the business procedure design each portion of the business is all around sectioned to take into account strategical filtration(Ren, 2012). A business system is partitioned and sub isolated into individuals procedures and innovation and the center business forms convey to such an extent that they can meet these differentiated capacities. methodologies are shaped by considering client needs and airs. As the extent of the current business is to convey and take into account recreation exercises, so as to be serious it needs to comprehend and attempt broad rivalry analysis(Schelp, 2007). Client statistical surveying for requests of explicit items can prompt comprehend the decreasing piece of the pie for the Company. Rather than depending on worldwide patterns of diminishing piece of the overall industry, statistical surveying with respect to late patterns in movement and the travel industry can permit productive bits of knowledge. Comprehension of client needs by promoting division wil l help give significant bits of knowledge to the examination group who will have the option to attempt development in comparable lines. At that point deals group can target people as per STP methods. Specific Segmentation Target Positioning strategies will help make progress and produce income with the end goal of the organization(Vom Brocke, 2010). Further operational group can attempt important tie-ups will providers with the end goal that general costs decrease can be effortlessly accomplished. Providers and different sellers of the business can convey cost adequacy by Value Chain Analysis for the business. Tasks can be improved by methods for innovation and procedure reconciliation inside a similar framework. Incentive from the business must be determined as far as coordinated administration led by the business. When all pertinent and separate parts of the business is coordinated then adequacy can without much of a stretch be delivered(Simon, 2014). Consistent correspondence sho uld be kept up inside every parts of the association with the end goal that there are no contentions and one office can work in agreement to another division. Therefore, usage of business process design will take into consideration consumer loyalty and taking into account benefits in a worth based way with the end goal that effectiveness can be set up. Holes in Processes Obliging in business process design can help get higher productivity and the board in existing goals(Pulkkinen, 2007). Business process design considers coordination of business more significant levels procedures into the current structure to infer esteems inside the extents of the business. The current association includes different holes inside its areas of expertise that can keep from pleasing for business process engineering. Different holes in the business forms have just been distinguished previously. Coming up next are a portion of the analyzed holes as ; At the top administration level: Though the current CEO is dealing with the business for a delayed time of years, yet there are different holes in his abilities. The CEO needs initiative abilities and methodologies embraced by him in profoundly serious markets are divided by methods for separated terms(Kurpjuweit, 2009). The Company under his initiative has acknowledged outside key impacts for working which opens up the Company to increasingly vital dangers. Vital objectives of the Company needs to break down outside and interior components to capacities to devise techniques along these lines, there is a hole which should be obliged inside the extent of the association with the end goal that it can make powerful procedures. At administrative levels: there are enormous degrees of holes too blocks that exist at the administrative degrees of the association. In spite of the fact that there is departmentalization inside the association yet there win enormous measures of slacks in abilities of each personnel(Al-Debei, 2010). Offices inside the association comprise of tasks, HR, obtainment, deals, bookkeeping, showcasing and innovative work. Right off the bat Operations director is the main composed office inside the extent of the association, however there are visit clashes that they have with HR administrator. The Operations director oversees obligations of 10 staffs announcing straightforwardly to the CEO, taking care of all important paper works. The usefulness of the activities office is slacking and as the division works effectively it very well may be assigned more prominent obligations to arrange work forms with respect to client appointments and other work aspects(Amit, 2015). The Human Resource Departmental administrator has no related involvements in the field and has obligations in zones of fund. In spite of the fact that the division is answerable for carrying on obligations of enlistment, acceptance, HR authoritative consistence, worker takeoffs yet it only here and there take into account its duties well. Further, there are no functionalities of the office in regard to execution examinations and preparing or other relevant perspectives that can advance representatives and achieve commitment procedure to such an extent that they can add to the business architecture(Myrick, 2007). Obtainment chief is exceptionally wasteful as it can't oblige its obligations and handle provider connections well. Despite the fact that he reports to the Sales Manager such line of power is invalid for the current authoritative degree. As acquirement isn't critical

The Strike by Hollywood Writers an Example of the Topic Arts Essays by

The Strike by Hollywood Writers On November 5, 2007, an arranged strike of TV, radio and screenplay essayists, who work in the US for Eastern and Western parts of the Writers Guild of America, has begun. This strike was a response on late strategies of the Alliance of Motion Picture and Television Producers in regards to another agreement which must be marked with the Guilds. Fundamentally, the scholars demanded expanding their portions of wages originating from complete sells of motion pictures and TV arrangement, both on DVDs and in Internet. Notwithstanding, the Alliance can't, that is the reason in excess of 12,000 American authors joined the walkout. The Guilds chose to keep striking until the sides of the contention had the option to settle on every single significant issue. Need paper test on The Strike by Hollywood Writers subject? We will compose a custom paper test explicitly for you Continue Understudies Usually Tell EssayLab support: What amount do I need to pay somebody to compose my task today? Pros suggest: Order Papers On Essaylab.Com Great Essay Writing Company Buy An Essay For College Best Essay Writing Service Best Essay Writing Service Reviews Along these lines, all crafted by the Writers Guilds was ended, and now this circumstance genuinely influences creation of most of American TV and radio shows, TV arrangement, and so forth. It will without a doubt bring to a few millions dollars of misfortunes and to certain negative monetary results. An extraordinary number of our mainstream programs, including the shows of Conan O'Brien and Jay Leno, just as numerous different shows which are communicated in our best TV systems, for example, NBC, ABC, CBS or Fox, are right now having issues with discovering great content composing work force. In addition, creation of mainstream TV arrangement (counting Prison Break, 24, Lost, CSI, Desperate Housewives and others) must be ended and delayed. I bolster the situation of the Writers Guilds in light of the fact that making a decent spellbinding content is a key component of making top notch intriguing shows or motion pictures, and when the journalists are not content with the remuneration they get, nothing but bad TV or film items can be made. In this way, such center majority rule an incentive as equity and being reasonable for others must be considered. Plus, as indicated by the data advanced, the scholars have not just money related requests to be met. The combinations consistently attempt to paint us as outlandish and contentious. Our recommendations essentially attempt to guarantee that authors stay aware of the business' development. That is reasonable and sensible. (Writers Guild, East, 2007) References Authors Guild of America, East. (2007). The Official Site of the Guild. Recovered January 4, 2008, from: http://www.wgaeast.org/. Authors Guild of America, West. (2007). The Official Site of the Guild. Recovered January 4, 2008, from http://www.wga.org/.

Its Science! Stand Up For Success - College Essay Advisors Admissions Essay Experts

Its Science! Stand Up For Success - College Essay Advisors Admissions Essay Experts Its Science!: Stand Up For Success Its Science!: Stand Up For Success Even when we talk about how it starts, our students are sedentary.  Youre going to sit down and write that essay.  An article in yesterdays Wall Street Journal suggests that we should all be doing our work standing up, or at the very least, sitting up straight.  The advisors at CEA should take some lessons from this too â€" we dont want to morph into hunchbacks while spell checking your brilliant combinations of nouns and verbs.  Maybe, together, we can work to follow some of the articles most salient tips.  All of us can preserve our posture and maximize breath efficiency by sitting  with our rib cages lifted, our backs not touching our chairs, and both of our feet firmly planted on the floor â€" while incessantly typing, of course.  Maintaining good posture also helps people maintain a positive attitude â€" something we all need when digging into that third hour of drafting and re-drafting.  Its probably also a good idea to kick the whole process off with your weight on both legs; we dont know a single person whose brainstorming sessions didnt benefit from a little walk around the block.  Spine straight! About CEA HQView all posts by CEA HQ »

Its Science! Stand Up For Success - College Essay Advisors Admissions Essay Experts

Its Science! Stand Up For Success - College Essay Advisors Admissions Essay Experts Its Science!: Stand Up For Success Its Science!: Stand Up For Success Even when we talk about how it starts, our students are sedentary.  Youre going to sit down and write that essay.  An article in yesterdays Wall Street Journal suggests that we should all be doing our work standing up, or at the very least, sitting up straight.  The advisors at CEA should take some lessons from this too â€" we dont want to morph into hunchbacks while spell checking your brilliant combinations of nouns and verbs.  Maybe, together, we can work to follow some of the articles most salient tips.  All of us can preserve our posture and maximize breath efficiency by sitting  with our rib cages lifted, our backs not touching our chairs, and both of our feet firmly planted on the floor â€" while incessantly typing, of course.  Maintaining good posture also helps people maintain a positive attitude â€" something we all need when digging into that third hour of drafting and re-drafting.  Its probably also a good idea to kick the whole process off with your weight on both legs; we dont know a single person whose brainstorming sessions didnt benefit from a little walk around the block.  Spine straight! About CEA HQView all posts by CEA HQ »

Essay about Information Technology Ten Point Code of Ethics

Ten Point Code of Ethics for Information Technology Professionals By James Malveaux, Jr. 1. Has IT professionals use every precaution to prevent given out any access to passwords, personnel identifications or other sensitive information to can be used in the database systems. The importance of this is to keep sensitive information for getting out to the world. There is a lot of hacker software that can penetrate a company’s network and get into the database that contains sensitive material. The one thing to prevent any of this from happening is to get a†¦show more content†¦It is pretty much up to the company on how they should keep inventory of their equipment and if you use the benefits suggests you can keep your IT equipment safe. 3. Has IT professionals we will not download or install unauthorized software on any equipment without consent of the company’s policy. This is extremely important because there a lot of viruses out that can damage a network. Any downloaded software like shareware can be lethal to a network. The best way to keep this from happening is by installing a virus software on the server that will detect anything before it goes through the network. Also each network station should have a virus program as well because many personnel will bring files from home and try to access them at work. Plus have procedures for employees so that if they accidentally open a file that contains a virus they should not do anything further and just take the computer off the network and let an IT professional handle the situation from there. This is especially important on emails as well. Whenever an employee sees a suspicious email with a file attached to it, don’t have them open it but ju st delete it and notify the IT professional immediately. Having these procedures can prevent any damage to the company’s network and help protect sensitive information as well. 4. Has IT professionals we to except responsibilities of our work. Whenever you work on something there are steps and procedures in doing any kindShow MoreRelatedThe Ethics Technique Of Wearable Technology1278 Words   |  6 Pages Assessment 1 – Doing Ethics Technique Wearable Technology Nagur Bhasha Shaik 11614204 ICT506 IT Ethics shaiknagurbhasha@gmail.com Wearable Technology We are as of now appended to (actually and metaphorically) various innovations that screen our practices. The wellbeing taking after excitement has incited the progression of numerous armlets and catch on devices that screen steps taken, activity levels, heart rate, et cetera., likewise the methodology of common equipment that can be layered,Read MoreEssay on Turnitin: Hypocrisy of Its Own1277 Words   |  6 Pagesadvancement in technology has made plagiarizing so much easier, and because of this, many professors have resorted to using software programs which detects any sort of plagiarism. One popular program many professors are enforcing their students to use is Turnitin.com. When a paper is submitted into Turnitin, the program compares it to previous submitted essays saved in its database and the content available on the internet. However, in recent years, there has been much controversy between the ethics of TurnitinRead MoreA Doctors Code of Ethics1765 Words   |  8 Pages A Doctor’s Code of Ethics By: Vanessa White University of Phoenix A Doctor’s Code of Ethics A doctor’s code of ethics is to enrich the wellbeing of the community and town by helping taking care of patients during visits while making progress in a patient’s treatment (Medical Ethics, 2010). These guidelines are put in place for the doctors so that they can attend to any challenges that might arise both ethically and expertly (Medical Ethics, 2010). Medical ethics are guidelines of a physician’sRead MoreMiss1698 Words   |  7 PagesREMOTE DEPOSIT CAPTURE PROJECT – Case Scenario – II (Schwalbe K., 2010, Managing Information Technology Projects 6E, Course Technology, Cengage Learning) Part 5: Project Quality Management The Remote Deposit Capture Project team is working hard to ensure that the new system meets expectations. Even though you have a detailed scope statement, schedule, and so on, you want to be sure that the project will please key stakeholders, in particular Harold, the project sponsor, and Tricia, the VP ofRead MoreThe Virtuous Manager1658 Words   |  7 PagesThe Virtuous Manager Enron was the model for rapid growth in the 1990’s but part of the culture and ethics of Enron was disturbing. Falsified documents, cutthroat competitiveness among employees and accounting schemes that hid the truth of the company’s indebtedness were just a few examples of the lack of business ethics within the organization. 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We as nurses must find the time to wear several different hats throughout the day, and sometimes even multiple hats at the same time. Nursing theorist Jean Watson defines caring as a humanitarian science, and described ten behaviorsRead MoreMy Role As Webmaster For My School Essay973 Words   |  4 Pagesdesign, accuracy and accessibility of information and the training of other teachers to create their own websites. Through this role I have developed in leadership and I have been directly involved in creating an avenue in which to provide students, teachers and the community with vital information. Over the past ten years, the amount of information available via the Internet has grown exponentially and our school and community have come to rely on the information on our website. Traffic on our web

Media s Impact On Society - 920 Words

Introduction The media industry is the state of our actuality. There are several different kind of media; there is the newspaper, radio, and television. Each category has its own different stage that has modeled the media to be as influential as it is in society today. Along with all other forms of media, newspapering has played a huge role in the way society view the industry. Through time many changes have occurred, are occurring, and will continue to develop in the future. The media has an immensely impact on society . Newspapers has been influential for hundreds of years. According to Tim Harrower in the third edition of â€Å"Inside Reporting†, In Caesar’s age, Romans read newspapers handwritten by slaves. Wandering minstrels spread news (and the plague) in the Middle Ages (Harrow 8). Through generations the way the people conduct the news have changed. The news was spread through the newsprint, voices on airwaves, movie newsreels, TV network newscast, media websites, and news apps for smartphones (Harrower 8). Thus, society seeks various ways to spread the news in the world today. The â€Å"penny press† is significant in the history of journalism in the U.S. because it allowed society to be able to afford the newspaper. Throughout colonial times, and actually down to the 1830s, most newspapers were sold through annual subscription, usually $8 to $10 a year (Douglas 3). Although this amount may not seem expensive today, in the 1830s the price of newspapers wereShow MoreRelatedMedia s Impact On Society956 Words   |  4 PagesThe media, or communication outlets, has a huge part in the racial divide, prejudices, oppressions and discriminations in America. These outlets include newspapers, television, internet, and/or radio. Over the recent years, stereotyping and discrimination has been greatly enhanced by media outlets. 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Log Mgmt Free Essays

string(92) " have been picked up by the log management system or service and reported upon as required\." Log Management in the Cloud: A Comparison of In-House versus Cloud-Based Management of Log Data A SANS Whitepapers – October 2008 Written by: Jerry Sheen Sponsored by Alert Logic Basic Practices Questions for the Cloud Provider Considerations for In-House Log Management Executive Summary In the 2008 SANS Log Management Survey, 20 percent of respondents who were satisfied with their log management systems spent more than one week each month on log analysis. Most of those companies were in the Global 2000. The remaining small- and medium-sized businesses (SMB) and government organizations spent twine a half-day to five days per month on log analysis. We will write a custom essay sample on Log Mgmt or any similar topic only for you Order Now The survey also showed that, because of difficulties in setup and integration, most organizations have only achieved partial automation of their log management and reporting processes. These difficulties have organizations, particularly SMB, wondering if they should turn over log management to an in-cloud provider†one that provides their log management software and log data storage over the Internet. In January, 2008, Stephen Northup, president of the SANS Technology Institute, wrote that there are pitfalls with putting log management in-the-cloud. On the plus side, he adds, â€Å"you will almost certainly save money. In addition, real experts on log analysis are hard to find†¦ † 1 Recently, vendors began offering log management in-the-cloud (otherwise known as Software as a Service or AAAS), as a way to simplify log management because the provider can dedicate the material resources and retain the talented, focused personnel to do a better Job for less money. This particularly makes sense not only for SMB without the dedicated manpower, but also for enterprises whose IT resources are stretched trying to manage multiple distributed Lana. While IT managers agree that log management is difficult, they are leery about handing over their log data to a third party application provider because the data might not be available when they need it, not to mention the sensitive nature of some of the data that shows up in log files. Before deploying or overhauling log management systems, organizations need to weigh the benefits and drawbacks of each model in context of their business requirements. To simplify the process, this paper presents some questions to consider when vetting those business needs against each (and in many cases, both) of these log management models. Www. Sans. Du/resources/leadership/log_logic_interview. PH Log Management in the Cloud Basic Practices When looking at both models of log management (internally or in the cloud), begin with the end in mind by clearly laying out the reasons you want to collect log data. The following are some pre-selection tenets to keep in mind when considering both models of log management: Identify Your Goals One of the keys to any successful project deployment is identifying the goals before starting. Log management needs are different for each business unit staking a claim in the process. The IT group may be interested in the value of log data for problem solution; the security team may be interested in information management or event management tied into an overall SEEM; and the audit and compliance group is most likely interested in tracking what people are doing in regard to sensitive data. Other possible uses for log data include marketing, forensics and HER accounting. As they identify goals, companies would do well to consider the broader advantages of log management and analysis, and look for systems or services that will allow a migration toward a more complete use of log data in the future. Of importance to all groups is the type of reporting supplied by the service or system. Log management systems often have reporting that is geared toward compliance for PC, SOX, HAIFA and other similar standards. Apart from required reports, log management can generate reports that are helpful for system maintenance, security management and many other purposes. Whether log management is handled in-house or in the cloud, reporting and correlation features should be easy to use and able to meet current and future business goals. Locate Resources Critical to the success of any log management initiative is finding the staff needed to implement, manage and maintain the system. This is particularly difficult for SMB and government agencies that can’t afford top dollar for IT talent. Yet, according to a Gardner paper in May of 20082, compliance drivers are pushing organizations with smaller security staffs to acquire log management systems. In these cases, in-cloud services make sense. Larger organizations with dedicated security staffs and advanced log management processes, on the other hand, are more likely to keep log management functions in-house. But even those organizations might use log management services for branches, or as a part of their larger security or network management operations. 2 GO 56945, Mark Nicole and Kelly Savanna’s. SANS Analyst Program Try Before You Buy The computer industry is fraught with solutions that don’t work nearly as well as they purport. So, testing and trial use is critical to determine whether the system or service suits your needs. Put the search interface through its paces to test for functionality and accuracy. Start off with a few devices sending log data, but also set up as many devices as you are allowed to test during the trial period. Some log management systems work very well for a small amount of data; but as the data feed test larger, the performance goes down quickly†and the systems or services can miss events. A good way to test the system or service is to send some suspicious data to a device that is being monitored. Then go look for that particular data to make sure it’s all there in the logs. One way to do this is to use the Kiwi Slog Message Generators to send messages to the target, for example by using an option in the program to send a simple text message followed by a number. This makes it simple to see if any of the test messages have been picked up by the log management system or service and reported upon as required. You read "Log Mgmt" in category "Papers" If there is a security component to the monitoring service (there usually is), try attacking your server and see how the provider responds. The specifics of how you would do this testing will vary with your goals, but logging in as a user and intentionally mistyping the password enough times to lock the account should get a response from the log service or system. I have actively used this testing approach on some appliances that collected security information and never got a response. If you choose to do this kind of testing, start slowly to get an idea of where the response threshold is. In addition to testing for nationality and security, pay attention to the user interface. In most cases, this will be a Web-based front end. Go through all the options and make sure they work. Also, make sure that responses to the GUI are intuitive. If you have a report that you need regularly, you should be able to get that report reasonably easily, even have it e- mailed to a specified account. Custom reports and specialized reports may be more complicated to receive as a test, but the basic flow of the system should make sense. Finally, make sure that the people who will use the service test the interface before decisions are finalized. Www. Sociology. Com/kiwi-slogged-overview Questions for the Cloud Provider Selecting a log management software service provider is more like cementing a partnership than making a purchase. The service provider will have copies of critical log data†at times they may have the only copies of that data. The table below offers a quick snapshot of what to cover in a Service Level Agreement with a log management cloud service provider. Following that are questions to consider before taking the plunge. AAAS availability No more than 2 minutes of downtime a day and no more than 5 minutes per week. Timeliness of log data showing up in system Individual logged events must be available to a search from the customer portal within 90 seconds of the event. Timeliness of log data analysis Regulatory compliance Alerts must be delivered to the client within 30 minutes of a critical event. The AAAS provider must maintain compliance to changing regulations within 30 days of notification of change. New attack vectors should be applied to the processing system within 24 hours of a new attack being identified. The processing system must be upgraded to support changes and modifications to alerting from supported systems when systems are available for mineral release. Prompt upgrades to support new attack vectors Prompt upgrades to support upgrades to hardware and software 4 When considering cloud-based log management applications, organizations should ask the following questions (most of which can also be applied to in-house log management systems): Is It Safe? Many IT managers are concerned with the safety of their log data, and rightly so: Log data can be dangerous if it falls into the wrong hands. Attackers can get valuable information from reading the logs. For example, they can see if their attacks work, been known to show up in logs). Log data as common as Web or e-mail traffic often contains confidential information. Having control of logs can be useful to attackers who, in some cases, will try to clean the log data to remove any traces of their activity. Therefore, it’s important to look at the safety of log data†whether it’s stored on- or off-site. If the log data is stored locally, it’s often kept on each individual computer producing the data. Larger organizations will have log servers that will store the log data in a centralized attached storage device. Those systems are, in an ideal situation, secured and difficult to break into. In the cloud model, this data storage would be handed off to the cloud provider, which relieves the organization of the hardware, security and HER burdens involved with keeping storage in-house. However, as they lose control of that data, organizations must rely on the cloud service to handle their data securely. The issue of whether a service organization is competent is difficult to determine, and is ultimately based on reputation. Cloud providers must create a trust model as they manage collected log data securely and separately in a multi-tenant environment. This creates the need for additional layers of security to operate multiple tenants from one another on a shared server, while also protecting the data stores from attackers. Firewalls, encryption and data loss prevention are all areas of security that apply to sensitive log data stored in the cloud†a cloud that’s increasingly brutalized. Fertilization, in itself, is not necessarily a negative, as long as proper security procedures are followed within the virtual cloud. The same characteristics of fertilization that make it a concern as a hacking agent also provide a hiding technology that has the potential to make user accounts harder for attackers o access. Already security vendors are developing virtual technologies so that their anti-mallard products can’t be detected and overruled by today’s kernel boot- level rootlets. 5 How Is It Transported? Ask the cloud provider for specifics about how the data gets transmitted from your systems to their operations center. Is the data encrypted in transit? What type and strength of encryption is used? Is the encryption proprietary? Be wary of providers that claim their encryption information is confidential or proprietary; instead, look for providers that use proven technologies such as SSL or AES. There are numerous examples of companies that have invested vast amounts of money in creating their own encryption technologies only to find out after release that they missed a critical component. How Are Keys Stored? It would be easier for a log management vendor to use the same encryption secrets client, that attacker can access the accounts of all clients. A different key for each customer account would not only offer better protection against customers accessing one another’s accounts, but also against an attacker cracking a password and getting the keys to the entire kingdom. Logical separation of key storage is also important for the same reasons. How Often Is The Data Transmitted? Most log management systems send data in batch mode. The collection appliance typically waits for either a specified time or amount of data before transmission. In general, a quicker frequency is better because the data is getting processed faster. More frequent transmission minimizes traffic bursts and gives an attacker less time to interrupt or block the transmission of alerts, a technique attackers use in an attempt to avoid detection. What Is The Level Of Compression and Bandwidth Utilization? Bandwidth utilization is a question that you’ll want to keep an eye on as you test your log management service. It is common to get 90 percent compression or better on ASCII (plain text) logs, while binary log compression ratios may be less. If your Internet connection is currently heavily utilized, the log traffic may impede other traffic, and you’ll want to plan for this issue ahead of time. One way to monitor the bandwidth is to capture traffic statistics using Net Flows. If you aren’t monitoring your overall Internet traffic utilization, it’s best to get a handle on that prior to implementing a log management service and use this number as a baseline. What Backup and Redundancy Is Included ? If a cloud provider claims to be set up to handle this type of data correctly, verify that it is, in fact, doing a better Job than you would. The provider should have data stored at multiple locations and secure backups for redundancy. Check, too, with the company that is actually doing storage. In the cloud model, storage could be handed off to another vendor. Ask questions about how stored data is encrypted, how it is transferred, where the tapes or other media are stored, and if there is a process for racking tapes. Find out how long backup data is retained, how it’s destroyed, and what happens to the data if the service is terminated. It will probably be impossible to verify most of this, but the cloud provider should be able to answer questions and provide benchmarks, customer references, service agreements and other documentation. What Are The Responding Options? System. These built-in reports typically cover things like regulatory compliance and common performance and security metrics. Verify that the reports your organization needs are included as overbuilt reports, or that they’re easy enough to customize. Often, reporting is not as straightforward as people would like it to be. Sometimes, the logging application won’t provide the required information directly, but it may be available indirectly. For example, a security manager may want to identify invalid session IDs on a Web site because a high frequency of invalid session IDs may point to an attacker trying to guess a session ID and clone or hijack the session. If the log manager doesn’t report that information directly, it may be possible to get similar information by tracking the number of connections built from any given IP address. How Much Of The Data Is Actively Searchable? In some cases, the most recent data will be more quickly accessible for searching than data that has been removed from an active state. Moving data out of an active part of the database can make databases faster, so some data may be moved into an area that provides slower access. Ask if there are any special requirements to access archived data or whether the only issue is a performance penalty†and request a demonstration. 7 How Much Of The Data Is Stored? If data is moved out of primary storage, is the full log data retained or will recovery of data be limited to searchable data fields and metadata? If some detail is eliminated, determine whether this will cause problems with regulatory compliance, forensics processes and other log management and reporting needs required across your organization. If there are processes that automatically eliminate some data, can those processes be suspended for special circumstances, such as litigation requiring the preservation of data? How long does it take to make such changes? What Log Data Will Be Accepted? What specific devices, operating systems and applications are supported? Several operating systems and hundreds of widely used appliances and devices are critical o today’s diverse organizational IT infrastructures. The number of applications a log manager may be called upon to understand is staggering. Prioritize on all your critical devices and applications. How are they supported by the service provider, and how thorough is that support? How Are Its Instructions For Setting Up Devices? Log management can become more complicated as the number of log-producing for setting up devices, operating systems and applications that need to be monitored. Often, a company will need to deviate from the normal setup procedure, based on the peculiarities of its business that complicate the log data life cycle. As a result, setup instructions should be termed as guidelines, not hard and fast rules. Rules often must be massaged to work with the varying operating systems and applications (including their versions) that an organization needs coverage for. 8 How Are Alerts Determined? If the cloud provider is offering to send alerts for events of interest, find out how they determine what is of interest and compare that to what is of interest to your organization. Are they looking solely at security events or do they include more routine support and maintenance events? If the events of interest include both types f events, how do they distinguish between the two? How much involvement does the log management client have in setting up what alerts are of interest to them? If a drive runs out of space, for example, that can often be Just as big a problem as an attacker compromising a system. Ask, also, if they can correlate related events to give the analysis situational awareness. For example, an administrator logging into a domain controller at 10 a. . And creating a user is quite different from the DNS process starting a command shell and creating a user in the middle of the night. In both cases, a user is being created. In the first instance, the process seems normal; but in the second instance this combination of events could be associated with the RPC DNS exploit as demonstrated in an April, 2007, SANS Webmaster. Cloud (and in- house systems ) should, therefore, include situational awareness to understand when creating a user is a normal event and when, as in the second example, it is not normal. In addition to automated monitoring and alerts, it would be ideal if cloud providers could offer human review of logs as an add-on fee for service. Human review is required under some regulations, and is a good basic best practice for organizations to follow because automated systems don’t catch everything. How Quickly Does Processing Occur? Timing is an important issue with log management that the cloud model is well- suited to address. One typical problem with in-house log management is that events are often found after a problem is noticed. It is, of course, best to detect log events leading up to a critical event in order to avoid the critical event. The question about processing speed encompasses a number of different issues: Once an event has been logged at the local device, how long does it take for that event to show up in the yester? If that event should trigger an alert, how long will it be before the alert is relayed to the client IT department? Is there an option for the vendor to do more than April 24, 2007 Webmaster – www. Sans. Org/websites/show. PH? Beastie=90861 9 How Often Are The Alerts Updated? Operating systems and network devices are constantly coming under new and different attacks requiring new responses. The errors from these devices also change with some upgrades, so it is important for the Log Management provider to conduct regular and timely updates to its system, and respond reasonably when errors occur. How Are System Upgrades Handled? In the cloud, upgrades to the log management system s are handled by the provider, thereby relieving the organization from having to maintain these systems in-house. There is a risk, however, that the upgrades may cause outages in coverage by accidentally introducing new compatibility or protocol problems. It would be a good to ask the cloud provider about how upgrades are handled and how clients are protected during the upgrades. By the same token, how would updates to any internal system log-generating devices affect the cloud provider’s coverage? 10 Considerations for In-House Log Management Many of the same questions that apply to companies offering log management service in the cloud also apply to internally-managed log management systems. The 2008 SANS Annual Log Management survey indicates it is still incredibly difficult to automate log management systems to the degree organizations need. A recent article by Patrick Mueller in Information Week refers to log management as a â€Å"monster. † Just because it’s difficult doesn’t mean log management needs to be outsourced. When weighing in-house log management, consider the following factors: Could A Personal Change Ruin Your Log Management Process? Log management is often the pet project of one person while the rest of the IT staff tries not to get involved. If that person leaves the company, it can be difficult for initiatives. Will Your Staff Monitor The Logs Regularly And Maintain Updates? Log management services have requirements built into their contracts for response time and full-time monitoring. Can your staff live up to those same expectations? One of the issues for log management companies is keeping up with updates to applications, operating systems and regulatory issues. Is your staff able to keep up with the changes? As an example, how did your staff do when Windows Server 2008 changed all its event Ids? At the time, most administrators used a collection of scripts; however, all those scripts, which were working, suddenly became broken. Floggers lashed out about it. For a log administrator who finally has everything working, that sort of a situation can be a demoralizing surprise. Maintaining updates and monitoring logs is complicated by the fact that most companies support a diversity of logging devices. To properly support local log management, an IT group will need to work with different vendors ho use different types of log data. At times, it may be necessary to bring in consultants to assist with tracking down specific issues. Organizations need to consider the associated costs and frustrations of working with multiple vendors and integrators along with the costs of the initial deployment and ongoing internal staffing requirements. 56 www. Informational. Com/story/charities. Jhtml? Articled=208400730 www. ultimate windows security. Com/wick/WindowsServer2008VistaSecurityLog. Sash 11 Roll Your Own Or Buy An Appliance? A big debate in the log management arena is how to deploy log management tools. According to the SANS Log Management survey, the majority of organizations (38 percent) are building home grown solutions through the use of slog servers, custom scripts and applications. The remaining respondents used a combination of commercial software and appliance-based tools or checked â€Å"other. † In either case, organizations are not happy with their level of automated correlation or system coverage, according to the survey. Coverage, automation, correlation and access must all be addressed, maintained and improved upon as needs dictate, regardless of which option is chosen. How to cite Log Mgmt, Papers

Education Of Gifted Children Essay Example For Students

Education Of Gifted Children Essay Started in the 1970s, Americas Gifted Talented programs are used to enhance the curriculum of students included in either category in order to challenge and strengthen their unique abilities. These students are usually provided a separate class with specialized lessons in all areas and a teacher with a special degree in gifted education. I feel that it is important that the teacher was a gifted student who would know what the students must face as above average members of their school. The job market for gifted education offers a wide range of opportunity and gifted teachers are needed all over the country.One of the earliest programs for gifted and talented students was set up in 1974, at The Old Donation Center, in Virginia Beach. Students scoring within the top 3% of students on an assessment test are referred here to be further challenged. These students are considered gifted and have special teachers and classes to promote development of their talents and minds. We will write a custom essay on Education Of Gifted Children specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Programs like this began to pop up around the nation in the 70s; however, gifted students were looked down upon by teachers, parents, and peers. Many people considered them to be freaks because they were different. They didnt understand the implications of the terms gifted and talented. Most people simply expected gifted students to act more mature or to be geniuses, even though gifted students are the same as other children in their needs as human beings. Some gifted students were forced to grow up too fast and some simply ignored the fact that they were smarter than others, thus, they were lost in the shuffle. The irony of it all is that gifted-ness seems to run in families and the children of these repressed gifted students are, themselves, gifted.But what exactly is a gifted student? Students (elementary secondary) are given a repertoire of tests. These tests check IQ, psychomotor ability, specific academic aptitude/talent, creative and productive thinking, leadership ability, and skills in the visual and performing arts. The main requirement, the IQ, is tested by a standardized IQ test (remember, however, that IQ tests are not always perfectly accurate). Ratings are given to each bracket of IQ scores:85-99 Lower normal100-114 Upper normal115-129 Bright130-144 Gifted145-159 Highly gifted160+ Above profoundly giftedIf a student receives a rating of gifted or higher (130+), he/she is considered to be a gifted student and is introduced into the designated programs. These students are given the opportunity to choose classes that are meant to teach them how to use their minds for critical thinking, reasoning, and artistic pursuits. Students in these classes are also exposed to culture, literature, and other subject areas that are not usually covered in what they term normal classes. The gifted classes are mainly in an open format allowing the student to create the parameters of his/her work and allowing them to be creative in their learning experience. Each class is presided-over by a teacher that has specialized degrees in gifted education. Almost every school in the United States has a need for a gifted class, making job opportunities endless; there are never enough.Gifted teachers must have both a degree in education (secondary or elementary) and a degree in special education (gifted). These teachers are individuals that must have stamina, people skills, and open minds. It is also important (to the students) that the teacher himself/herself was also classified as gifted. It sets a common bond, shows them that the teacher understands the problems they face as so-called smart kids. These students are often ridiculed by their peers and looked-down upon by their teachers. They are often separated from others their age by a barrier that can only be described as their intelligence. This is why, often, gifted teachers have degrees in administration, counseling, or psychology. All teachers that I interviewed told me that a continually upgraded education is a must (as are additional degrees). In order to keep up with the students one must attend seminars, workshops, special classes, etc. .u7e43241927492d393df3a65d9702b457 , .u7e43241927492d393df3a65d9702b457 .postImageUrl , .u7e43241927492d393df3a65d9702b457 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7e43241927492d393df3a65d9702b457 , .u7e43241927492d393df3a65d9702b457:hover , .u7e43241927492d393df3a65d9702b457:visited , .u7e43241927492d393df3a65d9702b457:active { border:0!important; } .u7e43241927492d393df3a65d9702b457 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7e43241927492d393df3a65d9702b457 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7e43241927492d393df3a65d9702b457:active , .u7e43241927492d393df3a65d9702b457:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7e43241927492d393df3a65d9702b457 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7e43241927492d393df3a65d9702b457 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7e43241927492d393df3a65d9702b457 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7e43241927492d393df3a65d9702b457 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7e43241927492d393df3a65d9702b457:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7e43241927492d393df3a65d9702b457 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7e43241927492d393df3a65d9702b457 .u7e43241927492d393df3a65d9702b457-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7e43241927492d393df3a65d9702b457:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: AIDS/HIV Essay There is no end to the amount of education that could help you to understand gifted students and the role of their teacher. Also, if a teacher has extra educational qualifications, he/she could be asked to step up to the position of administrator or, more often, counselor. This means pay raises. Though the average salary for teachers is approximately $27,500 per year, it is a worthwhile undertaking according to Jane Mansueto, It is incredible to work with gifted students. They are incredible! She went on to remark that it is fascinating to imagine that they are of the same level of intelligence as the teacher and what they must be feeling inside. She feels that the students are not bothered by what their peers think, but actually tend to understand that others opinions mean little compared to their own. Mrs. Mansueto taught at Elm Grove Middle School for 5 years. She commented on her role as a gifted teacher to consist of one part mentorship, one part hardship, and one part friendship. When asked what kind of hours she keeps, she laughed and asked if she was supposed to have time off. According to Mrs. Mansueto, unlike a normal teacher, a gifted teacher has no books to go by or preset material to teach, or, for that matter, a preset subject to teach. They are given a blank page and, using input from students, must draw up lessons from every subject area and constantly challenge the inquisitive minds of the gifted. Jane Mansueto attended Trinity College where she majored in both elementary education and gifted education. Her favorite part of being a gifted teacher is being with the students, working hand in hand with them to plan and carry out projects and trips. Though the pay is average, and there is not much room to be promoted if you wish to remain in the classroom, gifted teaching has its personal rewards. Jeff Simpleton, a gifted teacher as well as a former gifted student, states, I really think that by being gifted, I am in touch with what they have to go through. They know that I can understand. Mr. Simpletons class consists of 6 high school students, who have many problems due to the intelligence barrier and a kind of isolation that has built up over the years between themselves and their classmates. They seem to feel that they have a reputation that they must live up to. The students try to please everyone they push themselves with sheer motivation and determination and drive. Mr. Simpleton feels that this is what makes them so great. He feels hat anyone with a sense of adventure and a need for something new day after day would find teaching a gifted class to be the perfect job for them. Gifted teachers are important to the development of their students minds. They are understanding individuals who must work hard to make the curriculum interesting and challenging. With the proper education it is possible to go far as a teacher of the gifted.Works CitedVarious Internet sites. No info available for documentation.Meckstroth, Elizabeth A., Stephanie S. Tolan, James T. Webb. Guiding the Gifted Child: A Practical Source for Parents and Teachers, et al. Gifted Psychology Pr, March 1989.Montgomery, Diane. Educating the Able (Special Needs in Ordinary Schools). Cassell Academic, April 1996.

How and why has Windsor Castle developed since 1080 Essay Example

How and why has Windsor Castle developed since 1080 Paper Windsor Castle is over 900 years old and is the oldest and largest inhabited castle in the world. Windsor has changed a great deal over that period of time, from a wooden Motte and Bailey castle, to a medieval fortress, to the world famous tourist attraction and home to the royal family that it is today. In this essay I will look at the ways in which Windsor Castle has developed and changed over the last 9 centuries. Historians believe that Windsor Castle was built around the year 1080, over 900 years ago, when William the conqueror was in power. William was a French man, and won the throne and became King of England by wining the famous battle of Hastings. He built Windsor Castle originally as a Motte and Bailey castle. Motte and Bailey castles were very simple; wooden keeps built on an earth mounds that were surrounded at the base with an area that armies could live in. Source A shows a Motte and Bailey castle and its various parts. Motte and Baileys had advantages and disadvantages, on one side they were quick and easy to build and the materials used to build them were also cheap and widely available. We will write a custom essay sample on How and why has Windsor Castle developed since 1080 specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on How and why has Windsor Castle developed since 1080 specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on How and why has Windsor Castle developed since 1080 specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Very simple Motte and Baileys were constructed in as little as a week, depending on how many workers there were and the weather etc. On the other hand, they were lonely, smelly, cold place. They also were prone to collapse and rot. They were made from earth and wood, so when they got wet, they reeked, and as they were made of wood they burned easily. Windsor was an atypical castle in that it was built on a Motte (the mound) that was already there, naturally formed, it also had two baileys, (the part where armies lived at the base) which made it unusual . The advantages of Windsor were the river Thames on the doorstep and the woodlands at the rear. Windsor was originally built so that the King could keep control of his people. As he had taken the throne by force, he was not very popular in England, so he built a ring of castles around London so as to watch over his subjects and make sure they didnt revolt, and if they did, he would have an early warning from the soldiers based in the Motte and Baileys. One of which was Windsor. The castles were spread out in a formation very similar to the M25 today. During the late Middle Ages warfare increased, so Windsor Castle had to be strengthened. This was done in many ways. Henry the second had the castle rebuilt in stone, to make it stronger in 1160. He added a stone curtain wall around the castle and also the first round stone tower of Windsor inside a reinforced shell wall on the original Motte. This took until approximately 1179. Next Henry III turned the rest of the rectangular towers to round ones as they were easier to defend and attacks ricocheted off their rounded sides more easily than rectangular towers. Edward III went on the build the Norman Gateway (source B) He also built St Georges chapel, which is the place of worship at Windsor Castle which is now a memorial to King Henry VIII added murder holes to the Norman Gateway during his reign. Murder holes are holes in the ceiling of a gateway or passage way (in this case a gateway) through which defenders could fire weapons, or pour dangerous substances, boiling oil was a favourite, onto their attackers. They could also throw rocks, shoot arrows, or pour heated sand/water down on their enemies heads. During the 17th Century civil war broke out in England between the Parliamentarians and the Royalists. During the war Windsor Castle was used as a jail by the Parliamentarians. The castle was captured by Oliver Cromwell after the battle of Edgehill in 1642 and was the Parliamentarian Headquarters as well as a prison until the end of the war. After his father Charles I was executed following being held at Windsor Charles II decided to change the castle, by making it as lavish as possible. He changed it to a baroque palace; baroque is a style of art and music, a baroque palace is fantastically over decorated, ornate, using irregular shapes etc, it is also often described as gothic style. By the 19th Century and the reign of George IV there was no warfare at all. The king changed Windsor to a fairytale castle. He raised the round tower, plus adding additional towers and battlements. He also added the George IV gateway and took his residence there in 1828. In 1863 the roof of the round tower was restored and its shape was changed to a cone. It was also used as a refuge by Queen Victoria after her beloved husband Albert died, she had a mausoleum constructed for Albert and herself, laying the first stone of the foundations herself, she spent the rest of her life making it as beautiful as she could for him. After this, it was turned into a tourist attraction. It remains a working castle and is still one of the Queens residencies. In 1992 a fire destroyed 1/5 of the floor space an area of about 9,000 mi. The restoration of the castle was not complete for five years, and was completed in 1997, 70% of the money used to restore Windsor was raised by the idea to open it to the public for the first time. Some of the rooms damages by the fire were so damaged that they had to be completely redesigned, contributing more to the changes, they were decorated in a somewhat gothic style, similar to when Windsor was a baroque palace. Windsor Castle has changed a lot over the almost 1000 years it has been in operation, but there are a few things which havent ever changed; Windsor has never changed sites, even when it was a small Motte Bailey castle back in roughly 1080. It has also never fallen into disrepair, many castles over time were abandoned and left to crumble away, but over nearly 10 decades, the changes that Windsor has undergone can be separated into types. Political, Social and Technological. The political changes are things such as Windsor being turned to stone, this was a decision made by the King, Henry II at the time, due to the increased warfare in England during the middle-ages, Windsor being used as a jail during the civil war in the 1600s this was a political change because the war was between two political groups; the Parliamentarians and the Royalists, Windsor was changed twice more, to a baroque palace by Charles II then to a fairytale castle by George IV, these changes are political because as the Kings changed so did the castle as they wanted different things, some wanted a defensive castle while others wanted a lavish place to live , A social change is a change that happened to do with society / people and example of this is the reason why William built the castle in the first place; to stop them revolting, Windsor was also changed because Charles I was beheaded there, this still effects the castle today as there are many kings queens buried there, adding t o the things that people come to see. Finally some examples of technological changes are Windsor being changed to stone (as well as a political change) as it went from being wooden to stone, Henry VIII added murder holes to the Norman gateway, George IV added the cone shaped roof and the rectangular tower being changed to what it now. Windsor castle has undergone many changes over the nearly 1000 years since its construction, from a Motte Bailey, to a stone keep from a prison to a fairytale castle as now a partial royal residency and world famous tourist attraction.

Debate Topics for the High School Classroom

Debate Topics for the High School Classroom Debates are a great way for students to get involved in class. Students have to research topics, prepare for the debate with their team, and think on their feet as they practice public speaking. Learning how to debate does more than improve speaking skills; it also makes for better listeners. As a result, students are better prepared  for college and the diverse career world beyond.   Joseph Joubert â€Å"It is better to debate a question without settling it than to settle a question without debating it.† (1896) The following list of 50 debate topics  is for use in high school classrooms. While some of these are specifically written for a particular part of the curriculum, others can be modified or used in a number of different classes. Each item is listed as a proposition that one side (student or team) argues to defend while the other side (student or team) argues to oppose. 1:53 Watch Now: Ideas for Great Classroom Debate Topics Science and Technology Human cloning  should be banned.Renewable forms of energy should be subsidized by the government.The U.S. government should fund a space mission to Mars.Social media comments should be protected by free speech.Parents should be allowed to choose their babys gender.Animal testing should be banned.The U.S. government should provide internet service for every citizen.Video games are too violent. Politics and Government America should be able to provide foreign aid to countries that kill  endangered animals.It is never appropriate for the government to restrict freedom of speech.Democracy is the best form of government.All citizens who do not vote should pay a fine.The right to bear arms is a necessary constitutional amendment.Progressive tax rates are unfair.The voting age should be lowered.The driving age should be raised.A border fence should be constructed between the U.S. and Mexico.America should not give foreign aid to other countries.Drone attacks against specific targets are a necessary part of modern warfare.Affirmative action should be abolished. Social Issues Partial-birth abortion should be illegal.All parents should be required to attend parenting classes before having a child.All people should be vegetarians.Mixed martial arts  should be banned.The  death penalty  should be abolished.Sports stars should be positive role models.People should be fined for not recycling.Performance-enhancing drugs should be allowed in sports. Education All students should have an after-school job.Every student should be required to take a performing arts course.Homework should be banned.School uniforms should be required.Year-round education is not a good idea for student learning.Physical education should be required of all students throughout high school.All students should be required to perform one year of community service.Schools should block YouTube.Students should be able to leave school for lunch.Single-sex schools are better for students.Schools should punish cyberbullying that occurs outside of school.Teachers should not be allowed to contact students through social media.Public prayer should not be allowed in schools.High-stakes state testing should be abolished.Poetry should be removed from the curriculum.History (or another subject) is an important subject in school.Schools should not be allowed to track students by academic level.Students should be required to pass algebra to graduate.Students should not be graded on their handwriting. All students should take an online course.The theory of Intelligent design should be taught in science classes.

Thinkertoys Week 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Thinkertoys Week 4 - Essay Example By dint of a comprehensive and thoughtful planning, the company jumped from seventh position to second position in the market. Michalko has defined steps to be applied by a company in order to turn out successful even at the most unfavorable situation. The same is being adopted by the researcher in the present research, which is as following: Since I tend to start my own consultancy, after completing my graduation in business administration, in order to provide the young people with counseling regarding career selection, I plan the following possible scenario for starting my career: I will start my consultancy at the heart of the city, where commercial activities are at boom; so that I could capture the attention of the visiting clients too along with the clientele out of my personal relationship. In case I find difficulty in finding out possible clientele, I will shift my office from commercial zone to the area adjacent to the colleges and universities, so that fresh graduates and students could discover a career counseling consultancy in their area. I will also examine the market scenario and will assess whether I am working under perfect competition or monopolistic competition. I will revise my business strategy time and again on the foundation of business environment. Since business administration degree provides its graduates with the opportunity of working in numerous fields, I may start working in the fields of real estate, advertising, marketing and others. Since I strongly believe in hard work and honesty, I will never escape from my duties and obligations towards others. I will work diligently for the promotion of my business as well as obtaining dexterity in my skills and abilities. I will not confined my thinking to myself alone; rather, I will consult the specialists, professionals and experts regarding my thoughts and

Closing the Output Gap in the United Kingdom Essay

Closing the Output Gap in the United Kingdom - Essay Example Of course, actual output is the recorded GDP of a given time that can be in nominal or real values. The nominal value refers to the prefers of the GDP synchronic to the prices or price reference of a given year while the real GDP can be valued in terms of a base or a reference prices of a reference year. Dornbush et al. (2008, p. 15) explained that the concept of an output gap provides a way of measuring the magnitude of the cyclical deviations of actual output from the potential output. The concept â€Å"potential output† is also interchangeable with the term â€Å"trend output† (Dornbusch et al. 2008, p. 15). From the economic perspective of Dornbusch et al., the output gap is negative during a recession and positive during an expansion (2008, p. 15). In a recession, resources are unemployed and actual output is below potential output. In contrast, during a positive gap or expansion, workers overtime and machineries are utilized more than the usual (Dornbusch 2008, p. 15). Positive gap or expansion is also known as an economic recovery (Dornbusch 2008, p. 15). For Mankiw (2006, p. 425), potential output or full employment output is more accurately the natural rate of output because â€Å"it shows what the economy produces when the unemployment is at its natural or normal rate†. At the same time, Mankiw pointed out that â€Å"the natural rate of output is the level of production toward which the economy gravitates in the long run† (2004, p. 425). According to classical viewpoint, the potential output or the natural rate of output depends on labour, capital, natural resources, and technological knowledge and, therefore, shifts in the potential output or natural rate of output depend on changes in the said variables (Mankiw 2004, p. 425). An output gap can promote price volatility.  

Streptozotocin (STZ) Induced Diabetes Experiment

Streptozotocin (STZ) Induced Diabetes Experiment MATERIALS AND METHODS 3. MATERIALS AND METHODS 3.1 Animal Selection and Care STZ induced diabetes are commonly performed in Male Wistar Kyoto rats. In these models, male Wistar rats at 8 weeks of age (200–300 g) are selected from animal supply facility of SGPGIMS Lucknow, and house in a 12-h light, 12-h dark cycle environment, temperature 25 °C, with standard rat diet and water in metabolic cages for one week prior to STZ treatments. The study had clearance from Institute animal ethics committee. 3.2 Study Design Wistar Rat (Preparation and Validation of animal model of DN) 50 mg/kg STZ induced Diabetic Rat (n=3) Normal Rat (n=3) After 8th week rat are sacrificed for validation of Diabetic nephropathy 3.3 Induction and Validation of Diabetes by Streptozotocin There is a lack of appropriate animal model that could spontaneously develop DN. It has been a significant limitation to find out specific factors that is underlying this disease and also the development of new therapeutic methods or strategies to prevent progressive renal disease in diabetes (Morcelo A. Nobrega et. al. 2004). Most Sprague-Dawley (SD), Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats are used as model for performing STZ-induced diabetic nephropathy. Here, in these models, 8 weeks old male rats (200-250gm) are starved or kept on fasting for 18hrs and after that STZ was injected intraperitoneal (WKY-50mg/kg, SD-55mg/kg and SHR-45mg/kg) with sodium citrate buffer (1ml/kg) (Ma G et. al. 2004 and Cooper ME et. al. 1988). STZ given here intraperitoneally to the rats, however, it is a very less common procedure as intravenous injections are comparatively easy to perform in rats and give more reliable results. In addition to the STZ dosage required for inducing diabetes via an intraperitoneal route is relatively higher as compared to other route. After giving STZ, the rats should be given ample amount of drinking water with sucrose for 48 hrs (15g/L), to avoid early mortality of rats as stored insulin is released from damaged pancreatic Islets of Langerhans. After completion of 1 week of STZ induction, the rats must be assessed for hyperglycaemia and also those with fasting blood glucose of over 280 mg/dl (15 mmol/L), which is usually around 90%, and it should be included in the studies of diabetic nephropathy. In order to prevent subsequent development of ketone uria, subsequent injections of long-acting insulin (approx. 2-4 U/rat) should be given daily to maintain the blood glucose levels in a desirable range(300-600 mg/dl, 16-33 mmol/l) (Davis BJ et. al. 2003). Studies exploring the effects of treatment on the development of DN should not be underway until at least 3 weeks after STZ when the kidneys have improved from the acute mild nephrotoxic effects of STZ (Kraynak AR et . al. 1995) This drug i.e., STZ has been shown to induce a diabetic state in 72 hrs (3 days) as documented by examining tail blood samples using a Glucometer (Optimum Exceed) Diabetic animals and non-diabetic control group were kept in metabolic cages individually and separately and under feeding and metabolism control. Glucose in the blood of diabetic rats exceeded that of the non-diabetic control ones. Food consumption was measured in terms of (gm), water consumption was measured in terms of (ml) and urine volume was measured in terms of (ml) on a daily basis and glucose in blood serum were also measured, so that chemical diabetes was verified in rats injected with Streptozotocin. 3.4 Estimation of Creatinine Modified Jaffe’s method was used for colorimetric estimation of creatinine concentration in urine samples. Principle: Creatinine + picric acid Creatinine picrate (Yellow) (Orange) The resultant orange color is measured colorimetrically. However, the intensity of the resultant orange color is directly proportional to the concentration of creatinine in the sample. Method: Draw the Blood from a vein and then transferred into the vial. Centrifuge the blood for 10 minutes and Serum is obtained. Separate out the serum in different eppendrofs. The concentration of creatinine is calculated in the serum sample using the Jaffe’s method, as follows: In a clean dry test tube add 0.5 ml distilled water (blank) or serum (test), add 0.5 ml NaOH and then 0.5 ml picric acid. Mix all the contents of each tube. Left to stand for 15 minutes. The absorbance is measured at ÃŽ »max 500 nm. If a standard creatinine solution (0.55 mg/dl) has an absorbance value of 0.30, then the concentration of creatinine in the provided serum sample is calculated by using the following equation: Ctest = Cstd x 3.5 Estimation of Urinary Albumin Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detection of rat albumin in serum, plasma or urine. Other biological fluids that contain Rat Albumin, such as faeces or saliva, may be suitable samples. 3.5.1 Principle: The antigen present in urine sample are allowed to stick to a poly vinyl and then plate is washed to separate antigen and antibodies from remaining sample components. To this plate a corresponding second antibody is added to get fixed to the already adhered first antigen in the plate. To this added second antibody, an enzyme is also tagged is that, when a suitable substrate is added, the enzyme reacts with it to produce a colour. This colour produced is measurable as a function or quantity of antigen present in the urine sample and there by identified. 3.5.2 Chemical and material required: 96-well plate ELISA Coating Buffer ELISA Wash Solution ELISA Blocking Buffer Sample/Conjugate Diluent (ELISA Blocking Buffer + Tween 20) 10% Tween 20 Enzyme Substrate, TMB ELISA Stop Solution Additional Materials Required: Ultrapure water Precision pipettors, with disposable plastic tips Polypropylene, polyethylene or glass tubes to prepare standard and samples Containers to prepare buffers An aspiration device or an automated 96-well plate washer Disposable reagent reservoirs A standard microtiter plate reader for measuring absorbance at 450 nm 3.5.3 Procedure: Added 100  µl of diluted coating antibody to each well. Samples were run in duplicate. Incubated at room temperature (20-25 C) for 1 hour. Washed plate FIVE times. Added 200  µl of Blocking Solution to each well. Incubated at room temperature for 30 minutes. Washed plate FIVE times. Added 100  µl of standard or sample to well. Incubated at room temperature for 1 hour. Washed plate FIVE times. Added 100  µl of diluted HRP detection antibody to each well. Incubated at room temperature for 1 hour. Washed plate FIVE times. Added 100  µl of TMB Substrate Solution to each well. Developed the plate in the dark at room temperature for 15 minutes. Reaction was stopped by adding 100  µl of Stop Solution to each well. Absorbance was measured on a plate reader at 450 nm. 3.5.4 Precautions: Store all reagents at 2-8 ºC. Do not freeze reagents. All reagents must be at room temperature (20-25  ºC) before use. Vigorous plate washing is essential. Use new disposable pipette tips for each transfer to avoid cross-contamination. Minimize lag time between wash steps to ensure the plate does not become Completely dry during the assay. Avoid microbial contamination of reagents and equipment. Automated plate Washers can easily become contaminated thereby causing assay variability. Take care not to contaminate the TMB Solution. Do not expose TMB Substrate solution to glass, foils, or metal. If the solution is blue before use, do not use it 3.6 Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Rats are fasted overnight (12-16 hours) before the test, sedated rats, will be given 50 % dextrose (3ml/kg body weight) intraperitoneally. Whole blood will be collected from the tail vein at 0, 15, 30, 60, 120, and 180 min after the administered of glucose for the measurement of glucose with a glucometer. 3.6.1 Material Required: Glucometer and glucose strips Dextrose Gauge needles Timer and Pen Table of mice for record keeping of glucose values 3.6.2 Preparations before the test: Weigh the animals before the test. The animals are fasted overnight (approximately 16 hours: 5 pm to 9 am). Place each of the animals in a separate fresh cage with no food, but make sure they have water bottles. Make sure that there is no activity in the animal room before and while you are performing the test. Prepare the glucose solution the night before the test. 3.6.3 Procedure: After the overnight fast, blood glucose was determined (time 0) in a drop of blood as following: Rats were placed on top of the cage (let it hold onto the grid). The tail tip was pricked with a needle, wiped off the tail tip with gauze, and the next drop of blood was used for the determination of glucose with a glucometer. Glucose solution was given orally. Blood glucose was determined at 10, 20, 30, 60, 90 and 120 min after the administration of glucose. For the determination of glucose at each of these time points collected a drop of blood as following: wiped the cut end of the tail to break any blood clot that had formed and collected the next drop of blood. If the blood does not appear spontaneously â€Å"milk† the tail by holding the tail between your thumb and index finger and move along the tail from the base of the tail to the tip of the tail while applying gentle pressure. 3.7 Assessment of Renal Histopathological Injury 3.7.1 Tissue preparation for histology: After 8 weeks the rats were weighed, sacrificed out in accordance to the Institutional animal ethics committee by using suitable anaesthetic agent (Ketamine) and their kidneys were taken out. Left kidneys were perfusion fixed for Histopathological and IHC studies and right kidneys were freezed immediately for western blotting and RT-PCR. Preparation of paraffin blocks of kidney: Kidneys were preserved in Para- formaldehyde is taken out in a glass slab for sectioning. A two cross section of upper half of kidney was done with sterile blade for paraffin embedding. The whole process for preparation of paraffin blocks took two days. Day first: The Formalin fixed kidneys were picked up and place in plastic cassettes was sequentially dipped in alcohol for dehydration. The schedule is as followed: 50% Alcohol →1.5hrs 70%Alcohol →1 hrs. 80% Alcohol →1 hrs. 90% Alcohol →1hrs 100% Alcohol →1hrs (twice) The cassette containing the tissue was left overnight in 100% absolute alcohol. Day Second: On 2nd day we perform the following treatment to tissue containing cassette Cassette was removed from 100% alcohol and dipped for CHCl3 treatments Chloroform (A) 1.5 hours. Chloroform (B) 1.5 hours. Chloroform (C) 1.5 hours. The cassette was then kept in melted paraffin wax (at 58 °C 65 °C in water bath) following two changes of paraffin wax for proper blocking. The steel chocks are kept at the 65 °C electronic heater and the paraffin treated kidney in plastic cassettes are opened and place in pre-heated steel chocks together with melted paraffin wax and closed with cassette. Block was kept at room temperature to solidify the melted wax. The paraffin block containing tissue was sectioned with microtome. The block was fit properly in the Microtome machine 5 µ sections were cut. 3.8 Periodic Schiff’s Acid (PAS) Staining 3.8.1 Principle: PAS (Periodic Acid Schiff) is a method of staining used for the detection of polysaccharides i.e., glycogen and mucosubstances that is glycoprotein’s and glycolipids. PAS stain is a histochemical reaction. In the reaction, periodic acid oxidises vicinal diols in these sugar. It oxidized the aldehyde formed by carbon-carbon bonding that react with fuchsin-sulphurous acid and forms the magenta colour. This periodic acid exposes the glycogen to give a colouring product. The Schiff’s reagent is a very specific agent that only reacts with the carboxylic group compounds. Material required: Glass slides and cover slips Poly Lysine (Sigma Aldrich, USA) Xylene Graduated Alcohol (30%, 50%, 70%, 90% and 100%) Periodic acid Schiff Reagent Haematoxylin Acid alcohol (1% HCl in 70% alcohol) DPX mountant 3.8.3 Protocol for PAS Staining: Keep the Poly-Lysine coated slides on hot plate for 15-20 min. Dip in warm Xylene for 10 min twice. Pass the slide through graded alcohol 100% alcohol- (10 minutes) twice 90% alcohol (5 minutes) 70% alcohol (5 minutes) 50% alcohol (5 minutes) 30% alcohol (5 minutes) Dip in distilled water for 5 min. Place the slide containing section into 0.5 % Periodic acid for 5 minutes. Rinse with distilled water. Schiff Reagent was added for 10 min until deep magenta colour appear. Wash in running tap water for 5 min. Counter stain in haematoxylin Rinse with distilled water. If high stain come, then wash with acid alcohol (1% HCl+70% alcohol) Wash the slide in tap water. Dehydrate in alcohol, and dry the slides. After drying mount the slides by DPX mountant. Masson’s Trichrome Staining 3.9.1 Principle: MT Staining method is used to demonstrate the increase of collagen in diseases. This method of staining uses three dyes of contrasting colours for the selective staining of basic tissue components i.e., muscle, collagen fibers, fibrin, and erythrocytes. The general phenomenon of trichome staining is that smallest dye molecule colours or stains the less porous tissues. However, the penetration of dye of larger molecular size is depends on the expense of small molecules. Some others suggests that the acid dye firstly stained the tissue then the Biebrich Scarlet will binds with the acidophilic components of the tissue, after which when treated with the phosphor acids, the components that are less permeable will retain the red colour, because of the collagen this red colour is pulled out and at the same point of time causing a link with the collagen to bind with the aniline blue. . At the outset it must be made clear that the methods control how ionised acid dyes react with ionised basic tissues. 3.9.2 Material required: Bouin’s solution Xylene Graduated Alcohol (30%, 50%, 70%, 90% and 100%) Weigert’s iron hematoxylin solution Biebrich scarlet acid fusin phosphomolybedic-phosphotungustic acid solution Aniline blue solution 3.9.3 Protocol for MT Staining: Keep the Poly-Lysine coated slides on hot plate for 15-20 min. Dip in warm Xylene for 10 min twice. Pass the slide through graded alcohol 100% alcohol- (10 minutes) twice 90% alcohol (5 minutes) 70% alcohol (5 minutes) 50% alcohol (5 minutes) 30% alcohol (5 minutes) Dip in distilled water for 5 min. For formalin fixed tissue, re-fix in Bouin’s Solution for 30 minutes to 1 hr. at 56 ºC to improve the staining quality although this step is not necessary. Rinse in running tap water for 5-10 minutes to remove the yellow color. Stain in Weigert’s iron hematoxylin working solution for 10 minutes. Rinse in running warm tap water for 10 minutes. Wash in D/W Stain with Biebrich Scarlet Acid Fusin for 5 minutes. Differentiate in phosphophosphomolybedic-phosphotungustic acid solution for 10-15 minutes. Transfer the section directly (without rinse) to aniline blue solution and stain for 5-10 minutes. Rinse directly in D/W and differentiate in 1% Acetic acid solution for 2 minutes. Rinse slides, dehydrate through Alcohol Clean slides in xylene Mount with DPX mountant. NoteNuclei-Black, Muscle Fibre-Red, Collagen-Blue, Cytoplasm-Red Modified Immunohistochemistry 3.10.1 Principle: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is the process whereby antibodies are used to detect proteins (antigens) in cells within a tissue section (for instance liver, pancreas or the heart). Immunohistochemistry exploits the principle that in biological tissues antibody binds to the specific antigens. This tool is used to localize specific antigens in tissue sections with labelled antibodies based on antigen-antibody interactions. This antigen-antibody interaction can be visualized in number of ways i.e., the immune reactive products can be visualized by a marker including fluorescent dyes, enzymes in general; radioactive elements or colloidal gold. This IHC technique is widely used by the researcher in basic research for understanding the differentially expressed proteins and for the localization and distribution of biomarkers in different- different parts of biological tissues. 3.10.2 Material required: Poly-Lysine coated slide. Xylene 1X- PBS buffer.(Sigma Aldrich Inc., USA) Graduated Alcohol (30%, 50%, 70%, 90% and 100%) DPX mountant for microscopy Acid alcohol (1% HCl in 70% alcohol) citrate buffer Sodium Borohydrate Hydrogen Peroxide Blocking solution Primary antibody Secondary antibody Streptovidin HRP 3.10.3 Protocol for Modified Immunohistochemistry: Cut the section of 3 to 5  µm. Warm the slide on hot plate (55 °c) for 30’. Dip the slide in warm Xylene twice for 10 minutes. Wash the slides three times in TBS or PBS for 5 minutes each. Dehydration using 100% Alcohol twice for 10 minutes each and 90, 80, 40, 50 and 30 percent for 5’ each in coupling jar. Wash thrice in TBS or PBS for 5 minutes each. Antigen retrieval -10 minutes for 98 °c in citrate buffer pH-6 (Note: 0.294 gm in 100 ml MQ with pH=6, 1 10mm citrate buffer) Here we are using pressure cooker for Antigen retrieval Cool the citrate Buffer slides. Give the Sodium Borohydrate treatment in coupling jar (To remove Background). (Dark Condition) (Note:- 1% NaBH4) Wash slides thrice in TBS or PBS for 5 minute each. Hydrogen Peroxide Blocking (3% H2O2 in Methanol or water –Dip the slides in it and keep it for 30’). Wash thrice in TBS or PBS for 5 minutes each. Blocking solution[0.3% Triton X and 5% sheep serum in 1xPBS or 1xTBS] For 2ml (6 µl Triton, 100  µl sheep serum, 19 of 94  µl (1xPBS or 1xTBS)) 14. Blocking for 30minutes at 37 °c in lab (some time 1hour also) Wash the slides thrice in TBS or PBS for 5’ each. Primary antibody in TBS or PBS solution, left overnight at 4 °c (Note: 1:200 dilution for fibronectin 1:500 dilution of Collagen IV). Wash the slides thrice in 1xTBS or 1xPBS Secondary antibody added on slide and keep it for 30’ to 1hour. But parafilm on it. (Note: 1:200 dilution) Wash the slide thrice in 1xTBSor 1XPBS for 5 minutes. Streptovidin HRP (1:200) in 1xTBS or 1xPBS for 20 minutes at Room temperature. Three wash in 1xTBS 5 minutes each. DAB (Till color in Brown) (15 minutes) 23.1xPBS (5minutes) wash 24. Counterstain for 30 seconds with Hematoxylene (Directly put on slide) 25. 1xTBS or PBS immediate wash 26. Dehydrate and dry and mount